Robots that can operate collaboratively are rapidly changing the way people and machines work together. But there is a common misconception that needs to be clarified: There is no such thing as a “collaborative robot” – there are only collaborative applications that involve collaborative tasks. Just because an industrial robot comes with built-in safety features, like power and force limiting (PFL), does not automatically mean it is safe to work alongside or that its use creates a safe application.
What really matters is providing a safe application. This is the result of the safety of the entire robot system or cell, the tasks it performs, the tools it uses, the workspace, how humans are expected to interact with the robot and the risks reduction measures being utilized.
Collaborative applications involving industrial robots with PFL offer immense potential for improving productivity, flexibility and worker satisfaction. However, their safe deployment hinges on a thorough standards-based risk assessment process.
By following the guidance of ANSI/RIA TR306, ANSI B11.0, ISO 12100, ISO TS15066, and ANSI R15.06 / ISO 10218 and applying best practices such as task-based risk analysis, human factors integration, and thorough verification and validation, organizations can ensure that their collaborative applications are not only compliant but truly safe.
Remember: Collaboration is not a feature of the robot. It is a characteristic of a specific type of collaborative task such as Hand Guiding, Speed and Separation Monitoring or Power and Force Limiting, The appropriate risk reduction measures for every collaborative application must be assessed on its own merits.
ANSI/A3 (formally known as ANSI/RIA) industrial robotic collections provide guidance on the safety of Industrial robots and Industrial robot systems. This guidance is applicable to manufacturers, integrators, and end users of industrial robotic equipment. YASKAWA recommends that ANSI/RIA R15.06-2012 (nationally adopted ISO 10218: 2011) be followed for all existing systems, and systems currently being designed or constructed. ANSI/A3 R15.06-2025 (nationally adopted ISO 10218: 2025) should be used for all systems intended to be installed after March 31, 2027, at which point the previous version will be withdrawn. The appropriate edition of these important standards should be reviewed during each step of the product design, manufacturing, integration, and installation process.